State conflicts are often caused by various complex factors involving economic, political, social and cultural. One of the main causes of conflict is economic inequality. When there are significant disparities between social classes or ethnic groups, tensions often arise. For example, countries with abundant natural resources, but which are processed unfairly, can trigger divisions. Unstable politics or corruption are also key factors in conflict. When the government fails to provide basic services, such as education and health, public anger will increase. The weakness of institutions and the absence of fair laws only makes matters worse. Dissatisfaction with the government can trigger protest movements that sometimes express violence. Ethnic and religious identities are very influential in creating conflict. In many cases, cultural differences can be a source of conflict, especially if the government tends to side with one group. For example, conflicts in the Balkans in the 1990s demonstrated how important ethnic identity is in fueling violence. Often, hateful rhetoric is used to amplify tensions between groups. This conflict also has broad impacts covering the economy, social and environment. In the economic aspect, conflict can damage infrastructure and destroy resources. Many countries caught in civil war experience drastic declines in economic growth, leading to widespread poverty. In addition, investors tend to avoid conflict areas, thus making the situation worse. From a social perspective, conflict can divide society. Social networks and trust between groups are destroyed. This creates collective trauma that can be passed down from generation to generation, hindering reconciliation. Refugees and forced displacement are also serious problems, resulting in a protracted humanitarian crisis. The environment is also not immune from the impact of conflict. Exploitation of natural resources often increases during conflict, damaging ecosystems and increasing challenges for future generations. Illegal logging and illegal mining could increase due to weak regulations in conflict situations, which would ultimately threaten environmental sustainability. Investigating the causes and impacts of state conflicts is critical to preventing the recurrence of similar tragedies. Engaging various stakeholders, including international organizations, civil society, and governments in dialogue and building trust is a crucial first step. Efforts to create sustainable peace must be a priority in creating stable conditions in conflict-prone countries.